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I A Tribute To Women Veterans SEA GIRT - A New Jersey Women Veterans Recognition Day, to be held Oct 26 at the Sea Girt Army National Guard Armory, is planned by the state Bureau of Veterans Services The objectives are to identify women veterans in the state for future assistance; to provide immediate female-oriented veterans assistance, and to honor the state's women veterans. The aid of veterans' groups has been enlisted by the state in preparing for the recognition day and providing the names of women veterans.

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Antiques

By Arthur H. Schwerdt

Wherever there are antique shops, there are scads of porcelains. Cape May County is no exception. Collectors mining for fine porcelains strike the mother lode right here. Certainly porcelain is the most precious and beautiful of man-made materials. Invented in the 8th Century A.D. by the Chinese (those wonderful folks who gave us pasta and gun powder), it is a tribute to human ingenuity. The ingredients are simple just dirt, stones, water and fire — the same as for any pottery. But you can see and feel the difference between regular earthenware and porcelain The difference is in the formula - gaurded by the Chinese for almost a thousand years, so that even todav

the substance is called "china". MARCO POLO GAVE it the name "porcellana," the Italian word for cowrie, a sea shell so lustrous it was traded as money in certain parts of western Africa. The secret formula is what gives porcelain its lustre. The first ingredient is china clay called Kaolin after the place in China where it is found (Kaoling); the second ingredient is china stone, two types, to give the substance its almost translucent look ; and the third part of the

formula is to fire the material at an incredibly high temperature. Following this formula you arrive at traditional or "hard paste" procelain. "Soft paste" procelain is also called artificial porcelain, and was a European method of achieving a porcelain look without using the essential ingredients. Alum, gypsum, sea salt and other ingredients were used in soft paste. The shine is there, but not the translucency, and the interior is very granular, tending to powder away if chipped. Soft paste was arrived at by the French, and some of the designs are quite beautiful. THE ENGLISH attempt at porcelain was developed by Josiah Spode (1733-96), a famous name among collectors. He invented "bone china " . a beautiful substance, rarely made outside of England. No need to say what its secret ingredient is — powdered bone. Again, the look is there but the feel and sound of true porcelain is to pottery what crystal is to glass — it has a ringing ping sound when struck. The first European-made porcelain was made by the Germans in Meissen, a suburb of Dresden, both names being very wellknown to collectors. Kaolin has been found in Corditz; a German count, who was also a scientist, had invented an oven which could reach the 1300-1400 degrees celsius; and Augustus II. the Elector of Saxony, poured on the necessary financial encouragement. The formula was blended by Johann Friedrich Bottger. an alchemist, and the date traditionally given for lis first success is Jan 15. 1708 SINCE THAT DATE ■very European country has developed porcelain, each more beautiful than the next Underneath each piece is a jumble of numbers, initials and illustrations all marking the maker, the city, the date, the pattern There are books upon books of these markings, and you will still find pieces with markings that are impossible to identify unless you are an expert Most porcelain, like Dresden and Meissen, is known by the city in which it is made Thus: Sevres. Limoges. Chelsea. Coalport. Staffordshire. Others are named for the maker and designer, like Wedgewood. Spode and Minton. # There is such a variety of objects and designs which are made of exquisite porcelain, that no matter what your budget or your taste, you are bound to find something to collect and use yourself or to give as a special gift. The value of procelain always appreciates and that's always appreciated.

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New Voice Club RIO GRANDE - There will be a meeting of the New Voice Club of Cape May County 7:30 p.m., Oct 21, in the unit office of the American Cancer Society, 15 Deteea Dr. The public is invited to attend.