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if m wr

Hard-Heatted Scotchman Who Became Famous In the Ra0road World.

AUTHORITY ON ACCIDENTS

Uiny '-'Mr* of K««b Oboorvatlon Give Him Practleol Knowledge on Subject and Then Ho Wrote

By OSBORN MARSHALL. Chm Nmpeeetns la June; rtlll bio win* In the •ml tower at «bo rtUroad etetlon at

there, wae about the only la Warn Cunbr14*e who wair.'t fclcfctnc about the boat Maybe this was beeanse Phcu was so this ha tflflnt mlaS a Msh temperaUre or perhaps It was because he was so Interested la bU little fSASo-day Job he didst hare time to think of tala

As Pacac looked op the rails his trained eye eaagbt alsht of the eastbound freight train running toward the signal tower. At the same time Pagan was aware that from the opposite direction there was coming an ■s pa seen gar train. The freight train wae running along at 30 miles and hour aad the paaaenger train was coming at full speed. Both trains were on time and both had a clear tight of way. Still Pagan kept his keen eyes open. Then half a mile went of the tower Fagan spied another cmnd freight train running parallel with the flret freighter, and Pagan's pulse bent faster as he notluad that this train was enveloped hi a mist of smoke "Hot bo»." thought Pagan, his eyes Intest on the train. "Wonder If the ww knows?" There was no longer need of as its curetlon. for. a* Pagan wat he could eee that a brakemae wa top of the oar watching the trouble. The brakeman knew and the conductor knew, and of oourae the engineer sew. But why didn't (he engineer stop? Why didn't he throw on (he throttle that would bring Us train to a stand•tJH? Pagan waa an experienced slg-

®*cip}lne of the , Urk of cooperation between the men who worked with their hands and the men who didn't. So Pagan went oo studying In his Uttle tower and ha determtaeu to contribute in some small «* »«•*. to the solution of the problem of railroad accidents. One day a ccnoactor of a freight train sauntered Into tbe signal tower end In an otthand way asked Pagan for a train order While Pagan worked thk telegraph keys with Wa bony, weatherbeaten hands and waited for the return clicks that would be an order from the train dispatcher, the ductor signed the blank. Pagan picked np the blank and looked at It "Where Is your eagtnemab'e signature? 1 be asked, handing back the slip. "You know there Is a rule that these orders must be signed by tbe coo due tor and tbe eoglneman of the train “ The conductor explained that the ruling that called for the taro algnamres wae a daad letter. "Deeo letter or not." aald Fagan, nerved by the knowledge that be wae doing his little share In preventing useless acrid rats, *1 will not give the order 011 1 have your raglneman'r slgnature. Not so long ago that trick killed three trainmen, wrecked two engines and cost the company aotnethlng like fifty thousand dollars." He recalled the particular accident to which he alluded. "You must go back for your engine man's signature.” "You mean to say that I wiu have to walk half a mile and lose half an hour la order to get that signature?” snapped the conductor. “You are the first signalman who ever picked me up In this way." "But 1 do demand It." aald firmly, "and m fight to get :

Thun when the book came ert and everyone who knew cnythtug about railroading had read It the railroad authorities under whom Faces h»-i tolled for twenty-odd years suddenly discovered him. The president of Me own railroad concern sent for him. Then another railroad rreeldent looked him up and received Pagan as an authority and an adviser. Fagan had suddenly become the most famous signalman Roosevelt, UniteJ Siatee. sent for him to confer with him also, and liatened to him aa eagerly as had the railroad president! as ha told, simply and picture escuely. his Ideas for Improved reOroad operation. Other men had studied the same probiems before, but they had b-en financiers or college professors who contemplated railroad economies from a quiet atudy. Or at best they had been practical railroad men who bad had hut a short apprenticeship on the rails. But Fagan--Fagan tbe eagleeyed and tbe gaunt-taced—had spent 22 years In bla watch tower and had watched the tracks and switches for almost a generation. He knew the language of the telegraph key* and the spirit of tbe rails and th» hearts of the locomotive engineers, and he waa able to apeak with suthorily. But what then? Of course Mr. Pagan was at once promoted? Hs mast have been traffic manager, general manager, superintendent or an offl-er of the company, with a salary ten or a hundred times wbst be waa earning But that Is the romantic

SOME SOUPS '

■ HOUT MEAT.

question. The freight train was nearing lu terminal On tba parallel eastbound track was the other freight train and. with tbe love for a race that la deep rooted In every «an of his trade, that locomotive engineer waa Intact on "Jamplng" the other freight train. Horror Narrowly Averted. _ res a terrific risk to run with a hot box. hut apparently all hand* were eager to Uke the risk, eager to run the frightful rare against appalling odds for the sake of the sport that waa la 1L so the engineer had thrown bla engine wide open, held hla breath and let her goPagan also held b'e breath and hla erorlly ateedy grey eyes were fired with rage, for from his tower he could see tba westbound train bearing steadily down upon the enstbound freight truins, and he knew that the passenger train was crowded with men and women and children who weren't so eager to run n race with a hot box aa that crew of the freight frata waa Fhgar. saw It all. hnt his hands were tied. There waa nothing under heaven for him to do but wall In a few aeosds he woeld know the outcome Aa be wetd sd earerlv. angrily even, he could see tke chips fiylrg from tbe ties, showing that the melted Journal of he hot axle box had snapped In two. Fagmu shuddered as bo knew that It was only a question of second* before the burning freight car would derailed and tbe smash would -e. Still the passenger train waa bearing toward the racing freight

ulna.

Then cams the tmashup. There waa a terrific crash, followed by a blinding amok*, and both easttonnd and westbound tracks were blocked with twisted mils, broken ties and derailed cars. P« K an clenched bis bandt and looked through the smoke "Thank God! - be murmured. The ledger train creaoed with pa*»«>coaches and sleepers eas Just Its own length from

w ,..^ the distance and paseco the freight trains before tbe generel smash up cams, only through a mir-

ed# of narrow aseape

This time tba !*■*•*'*•' ,T “* •cape, but In other <»e*e--case*

which Fagan had watche.

tower—the peseec

I and i

hadn't aa b and rhil-

dren had been asrri«<

railroad moS consWereu *'-*•“ ** ' dents simply Inerltsbl- Others ad milted that they were due tr alupto tty. others to negligence, others to tM Imperfection of reile. locomoi!*-* snfl

, The*# were the hlgblv

Paid railroad men who acre supposed

to know nil about ra-J. things

Fagan Knew the Caum-

But Fagan, who drew Ws two dot

half • and who •-•-nee ms from hU watch tower ana the human nature or ral.roeo

Tbe purpose of a edup at the beginning of a meal Is m.v.: v to prepare (tEtch for the foods which wffl foBi » by wanning It and (stimulating the flow gastric Juices WL'.-n .four is given as a food. | taking the place of other dishes. It should be prepared with that end In view. A cream soup la one of meal wit v . bread and butter. A puree of beans or peas 1* another satisfying soup. Asparagus doap-—Take a bundle of asparagus, cut off the heads and put them aside for a more delicate dl*h or to be used es a garnish for the soup. Cover tbe ahTots. after cutting hi small pieces, with a quart ol water: boll up and drain off thi water, throwing this away. Cover with boiling salted water and cook until tbe asparagus Is tender. Rub through e colander. add this to the liquor in which It was cooked and with a pint of milk pet on to beet Cook together twi tablecpoonfuls of flour and butter, add to the heated aocp and cook for five minutes. Se.-ve very hot with croutons When you have boiled cabbage for dinner, save the water In which it was gooked for Celery Soup.—Put two tablespoonfull of hotter In a saucepan, and when bubbling hot add a slice of onion; cook until brown, then add the cabbage water (a pint) and four g elsed carrots, put through the meat rrtnder (line). Blew gently fer an hour hi a tightly covered kettle.- then adil two tablespoonfuls of butter: put the puree through a sieve, reheat season with a dash of lemon Juice and salt and serve plpiug hot Creem of C«J#ry Soup.—This, perhaps la the soap which la the beet liked of all the cream sou pa Take three hunches of celery, wash and cut Into small piece* and cook slowly for half an hour; press through a colander. using as much of the celery as can be pushed through Put this Into a double holler with s quart of milk. Cook together three tablespoonfuls sack of butter and flour and add to the puree- Cook until • moo in: add seasoning of salt and dash of paprika.

Fagan flaw It All But Hla Hands Ware Tied.

this w-y and other* Fagan established his reputation as an unusual sort of algnsl man and with the railroad employee* he gained little popularity by hla new reputation. Boon they began to ask about him. "Who H this man Fagan*" they would say. And before long they learned a few iwets of hla hardworking life. Fagan’s Varied Career. Ffcgan—James O. Fagan—was born and humbly bred in Scotland, where he went to school, and. through a natural craving, studied all he could learn about electricity. His first Job was as au apprentice on ooard a cable-laying bulk that sailed tori •» Portugal and then to the Canary Island* and South America. Then he turned up In South Africa, where he did tome fighting. and In Ittl he drifted to New England, where he got a Job a* a telegrapher for the Boston A Lowel! railroad. Five year* later he became signalman at the station at West Cambridge, and there be bad bran ever alnce. earning two dollars aad a half a day. In retain for which be managed tbe - witches, look and received twlegrapblc order* *ud communication* and watched the rail* About six years ago. several year* after he had made up hi* mind to study the question of preventable acrl dents and after he bad done a great deal of thinking, he climbed down from nls to-er for a day off. He went to Boston and made straight tracks for 'h* editorial office of one of the biggest, most conservative of monthly magazines. K*«an bsdn't dressed up for tbe occasion. and he looked gaunt and a trills ankempt when be asked to see the editor. But h» managed to get an Interview. A half hour later he left the office of the magazine with the order for an article dealing with the problem of eecfdenta on the railroads Of A merles and suggestions for their P 'toaa went back to hla tower aad tontlnued to watch » u < 1 operate telccraph her* • n,, threw the switch .. conecirat'ouely aa ever, hut : gj-tt when his duties »*r* over 1

thing about the story of this man's life. Fagan Is still tbe signalman, and he still spends his days in the watch tower at West Cambridge, and be atUl earns, aside from what he gets from hit books and articles, at most IJ.TQ a day.

AMOUNTED TO SAME THING Reading This Anecdote, On* Ftslt That Mr. Cheats Could on Occ> alone Be Mildly Sarcastic. You know how. sometimes, a word, a vary common word, and ou* that you have used innumerable times in sne way or another, will, of a sodden, entirely escape your mind. Thus It was with Mr. Cbosle on one occasion during bis ambassadorship to the Court of St James'. Ha told about It at n dinner he attended In London. He aald that be went Into a book shop in the Strand a few days before to purchase a copy of Dante's "Inferno " It waa his Intention to present the book to a young friend who particularly wanted to read lu Much to Mr. Choate's chagrin, tbe Instant be stepped In the store the word "Inferno" entirely escaped his mind Hs told the nalesmsn thst be would os back In a minute, and ha walked away down to Whitehall trying think of the last half of the book ha wanted Of course It waa Dante’s "something." but Orates "what?"— that was lbs question. Finally h« gave up trying to rt tbe fuh title and went back u. tie shop. Tbe clerk asked him wbai he sought. He made a bold stab "I want a copy of Dante's 'HelL* ” be replied. The clerk darted back to the rear of the store By and by ba returned wt.h empty band* "1 am very sorry." he said, "but w# haven't got 'Heir by Mr. Dents, but we've got Twenty Years in South Africa.' by Cecil Rhodes, I? that would do ” /ad fueling." concludes Mr Choate, "that that waa practically the earn*

one lemon and enough water to mako thick sauce, sweeten to taste. This will serve eight guests.

Mea who took an nators and their fellow men. and cry that ill la dark right: but the

Tbe meals for Sunday are best prepared largely tbe day before when possible, so that the day may be a day of rest. If a to be red It may be ■■UBS cooked on Ralurday and rrhrat>-d Tbs salad may be prepared, ail except putting together A dessert Is often better to serve If made tba day before, especially gelatin desserts Veal With flour Cream.—Take a loin of red for roasting and lard with ■trip* of fat salt pork, lay some In tbe pan before outtlng In the meet Brown in a hot oven or eear over In « hoi pan on top of the stove, dredge with dour and season and baste freely with tour cream the first half hoar, then cook alowly. The flour will thicken the gravy anffetendy and It may be served either poured around the roast or In a aaoceboat. Cherry am. Orepefrv't Aa lad.—Out the chilled fruit in halves Taks not the pulp with a spoon and dross with French dressing The Jules of the grapefruit may b* u*~d in the place of French dressing Serve on lettuce leave* or return to the skin from which the pulp wae removed. Take half a cupful of canned cbemsa nr maraschino rherrlsa and add to the grapefruit Italian Rotator*.—Cul potatoes in cubes and cook In hotline, salted water. Dretn and arrange In layers with a rich while sauoa and a generous sprinkling of rheewe. Bake until the buttered crumls over the top are brown. Orape-Nuts Pudding.—One cupful of grapecuts. on* quart of milk, two eggs beaten until tight, half a cupful o. sugar aad half a cupful of retains flaks elo-slv in a moderate oven. Serve

I will mak* the dzy worth white. I will play the game today with a warm heart and a coot bead. I W.U smite wh»n I feel tike frowning. I will he patient when I feel tempted to scold. X will take personal command of my-

GOOD THINGS FOR THE TABLE. The pea strap la not aa often served is Its merits demand, aa there Is nc more tasty, dainty SOUP than this 11 well prepared. Cream of Pea Soup.—Drain and rinse a can of peas. Add a teaspoonful of p<gar. two allows of jn'tn and cold water to cover (ont pint), simmer IB minntes, rub through a sieve, heat, add two tablespoonfuls each of buttet and flour rubbed together, add two cupfuls of milk and a half cupful ot cream, whipped, and seasoning taste. A yolk of egg beaten and added to tbe cream adds both to the taste and nutrition of the soup. Parisian Potatoes.—Wash, pare and soak in cold water a half hour eight potatoes. Boll In salted water 18 minutes. Drain and place in a deep pan. basting three timet with n third of a cupful of melted butter. Serve with broiled steak. Soak bread crumbs In the milk half an hour, add soda, aalt, and melted butter, flour and beaten egg*. Fry on a hot greased griddle. Serve Immediately with hot maple sirup, or butter

Braised Liver With String Wash calf* liver and lard with fat bacon. Roll In flour, season with salt, pepper and celery salt Cook liver In a hot pan with a little hAfat, tried out of bacon. Turn until ts. surface Is well reared, then add five alii carrot, one-half an onion, two eprigs of parsley, bit of bay leaf, one clove twelve pepper corn* and two cupfuls of brow n stock or water. Cover closely and bake In a moderate oven two and a half hour*, basting five time* during the cooking. Remove the liver, strain the stock and reduce by alow cooking. Add two tablespoonfuls ot orange Juice, pour over liver. Serve surrounded with seasoned, hot suing beans. Celery and Cheese Salad.—Mix a half cupful of very finely chopped celery with ony of cream cheese, moisten wilt thick cream, season with salt and paprika and form Into balls Arrange on lettuce leaves and garnish with rad tabes cut In tulips.

who never dig oeeper than the face knowledge of the whole herd giving so muen milk, counting simply the total weight q^nt to the factory one day, or per month, or again simply the average yield per cow for the factory season. plain fact that cannot be Impressed too -IronEly 1* Lbi have Individuality, people have personality. What makes two cowa yield quite different weights of milk and fat when all conditions are practically equal? Even supposing cow's interior economy were mi visible and luminous, has any man the requisite knowledge to fathom all the mysteries of milk manufacture? We do know this, the yield of milk and Its percentage of tat are apt to vary from day to day moat strangely.

English Champion Angua Cow. The first half of tbe milk drawn may not contain more than half as much fat aa the latter half; the cow may have some alight sickness; some of her dellcau nervous function* may be deranged temporarily: extremes of weather, undue exposure, excitement, may all Influence the yield of milk and the teat. Hence It is clear that the sensible way to Judge a cow's performance is not by *x.y one teat or weight, but rather on her total yield for the season A cold, matter-of-fact "average" docs not give necessary Information. Cowa have indlridualUy. which is worth studying so that they may repay their owners for Inteilleent handling.

TEMPTING DISHES. Bread crumb* are Invaluable many dishes. A crust or crumb should never be thrown away. When stale bread ta lc" hard for other use, put In the oven until dry enough to roll or pound, then sift and keep In a glass Jar. These crumbmay be used for eacal loped dishes, croquettes, cutlets and In puddings. If soaked Ion.*, enough. Bread Crumb Pancakes.-Mix together two well beaten eggs, one-half tablMpuonful of melti-d butter, onequarter of a cupful of flour, one pint of reur milk, one cupful of bread crumb*, onehulf teeapoonful of aalt. and tbe same of soda. Kings' Pudding.—Take two cupfuls •!f bread crumbs, soaked In half cupful c! water a half hour, squeeze dry and add a half cupful ot suet, one-half rup'ul of molasses, one egg. one cupful of milk, one tesspoonful of cinnamon, salt and half a teaspoonful of soda, a cupful of retains and half a teaspoon fni of cloves If after mixing It seems too thin add a small amount of floor Steam three hours and aerve with a hard sauce When You have a pesch or two left from a can and a cupful of the Juice, use them for a pudding sauce. Rub the peaches through a sieve, add to th- Juice with a bit of len-ou Juice and a table*poonful eaA of butler ami flour that have been cooked tog'-thcr Hcrve this sauce hot on steamt-d sponge cake, cut In equares. There are leftover*, but lb* fact need giev-r be mentioned end will never occur to tbe one who la enjoying thr dtah

Our Ideal of Perfection. The modern world has a new and elaborate dogma of tbe body, but con vtetton Ilf U exttll In regard to the soul la tentative aad wary. Dor many past year* the faith has been taught, the belief has been growing, that physically 111 of necessity means mentally fit. that physical .-tower ta the measure of msn'e efficiency Th# our glory of our collage life He# »n It# t|iorts. and education of muscle Th# inly idesl of perfection now In evi Senrr >» an 'deal of phvaical pritgc

DEPTH FOR COVERING SEEDS Quarter or Half an Inch I* Quit* Sufficient for Onion*. Lima Bsans and Lika Plant*. Too mnch stress cannot be laid upon covering need properly. Wo art very *pt to covre loo deeply. Aa a general rule tbe smaller th* seed, th* lighter should bo the ©over. Onions squashes, parsnip* aud lima beans, or such plants tba.'. push up the shells Of the seed Itself Bud It difficult to force their way through a very great depth of earth after It ta packed down by rein*. A quarter or half an Inch at most ta quit* sufficient covering for these seeds. Care should be exer clued to see that lump* of earth are not left over them. When we plant beets, carrots, parsnips. etc., we always like to have long rows, and do not believe In wasting space In useless paths and walks, with short row* running crosswise. It U much easier to keep long rows clean, than abort ones, and the labor In caring for long rows ta much leas than List needed for short ones. SOME GOOD INCUBATOR AIDS Eggs Should Be Warmed Bsfore Putting Into Mac n# to Keep Temperature at Right Degree. To warm the eggs before putting them In the machine keeps thu temperature cv.n. and to place cold eggs into It lowers the temperature It ta necessary to make use of the dampening (ray if the weather ta dry or If the place ta dry where the Incu

bator Is kept.

On the other hand. If tha machine U placed In a damp atmosphere, dampening tray must not be filled. If the chicken ta too wet on leaving the shell, there has been an excess of moisture, and If the toughness of the membrane Inside the shell prevents the chicken leaving easily, there has not been enough moisture.

make sure that the chicks are getting a sufficient amount to eat. Th* cheapest way i« to pen the hen. let the chicks run, and feed them outside tbe

coop.,

Chick feed ta too expensive for hen teed. We do not like to give hard and fast rules about feeding chicks, leal we put In the ration something which ta not at hand. Preparing a ration for chicks ta like preparing a meal—a balanced meal that will promot* growth and health may be prepared la any number of different conblnations. The main thing ta, don't feed before the chick ta forty hours old. Don't leave food which will sour before

them.

After they are trained to eat, scatter crocked grains or rolled oats In clever leave*, to coax them to scratch, and feed them In such a way that they are not robbed by the old bens Mash feeds fatten quicker. All'-roat* cracked corn and ground mashes for market birds after six weeks. Make breeding birds »cratch for all they get. Milk ta always good Egg abells sometime* become too hard to hatch easily. When such Is the case, cover them with a flannel cloth w rung out of hot water, ff they are In the Incubator, beginning at th* fifteenth day. If under the hen. dip them In warm water. SELECTING SITE FOR GARDEN If Possible Locate Vegetable Patch on Sloping Ground—Plow Soil Fully Six Inch** Deep. It ta much better to have the fruit garden separate from the vegetable garden. If one ta able to do so. If for no other reason than the tree* and bushes sre liable to 1m broken In cultivating among the garden

crop*.

Locate the vegetable r*rdeo. If possible. on sloping ground, fully «•- pored to (be sun. A warm, wet sheltered location may be planteff early In the spring. The early vegetables alwayr bring tha most money. For a small family, one-halt aerg properly manured and cultivated, will fuioliii a full supply of vegetables. Plant crops tbe full length of tbi garden; for horse cultivation th* row*

should be marked off three t for hand cvllure with run tbe row* 16 to 30 feet I _

Have the ground deeply plowed fully six Inches deep. Plot/ as soon as tbe ground la dry enough to crux*-

ire* fret apartKUtO* plOW.^

eel apart.

Cheap Food for Pig*.

Pasture In one of the cheapest foods for young pigs and ran be easily grown. Itegln early In the spring by plowing deep, making a perfect bed. (lira drill to rye and cultivate

tlon: for tbta, oo sacrifice U too crest, no case too onerous. Images >f par feet bodily development are kept bw

for# the young—the Apollo, with

beauty of sinew and muscle; but tbe ■ ^jji ,n* barrow aa kkiu aa It ta a few lac* of th# Christ ta growing ever | lorj,,, |, lg b. With the addition of more and more dim before their eyaa. mtu Krulp tbe win g 0 W «U on

and U more aad more apologeUcwlly y,,, ^ . UBimi . r .

presented. If presented at alt—At- ; _

| Give Only Pure Water. Watch the water supply and tbai tbe beua drink only pure water.

Dulling Conscience.

Commit a aln twice, and i think It perfM-Uy allowable

will

that 'bey get plenty of It. also that

Urey gut it in

Products From Well-Planned Carden. ble when forked ovm Harrow and roll to gel lbs ground mellowed the full depth ft waa plowed. Spread a thick dressing of rotted manure over the ground and harrow It In. Tbe Oner the manure, and the better It la worked tnlo the ground, the quicker It wUI ML Drill lb* aeeds In with a good animal bone fertiliser, one handful to three feet of row will be at th* rats ot 400 pounds to Ui* acre. Plant Root* Early. Ad ounce each of ooloa, sataify. • ah rot, parsnip, purple strep leaf ard while egg turnip, long dark rod and Crosby'* Egyptian boat and onobalf ounce each of two good kind* of cucumber eeed will provide plenty of their kind If not plant'•! too thickly. All of the root vegetable* sk.rald be put In quite early, so that a t.i>od Start may Ik. had before hot weather.

Money From Dairying. With good dairy cowa you get ’hs money quicker because you ran sell the product ever? day. When the beef man sails bte fat ■•1001* he has to take a good i-ert c.f the money bn gets V buy steer* to put in tm-lr place.