THEABCOFTHE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

By DR. PRANK CRANE. 1. What la tha League of NatleMT a. A union of the stronren civilised nation* formed at the conclusion of the groat war. 2. What la Its object? A. First, to promi-tc the Peace of the World oy asreelns not to rcocnt to war. Second, to deal openly with each other, not ty secret treaties. Thiru, to Improve International law. Fourth, to co-operate In all matters of common concern. &. Doss It prasums to and war? A. No mors than any sovemment can end crime. It dalma to reduce tha liability of war.' 4. What will be dona to any action that makes war? A. ft will be boycotted and other-

LEAGUE FULFILS AMERICAN IDEAL Herbert Hoover Says Democracies Replaced Autocracies at Our Bidding. FOOD ADMINISTRATION CHIEF. Urvee Ratification on Ground 4»at Peace Treaty Will Cel I apes Without League of

* that tha

—~*~ Herbert Hoover la so deeply cooceraod over the oppoaUlon to the League of Nations la the United States that ha has let himself bo In* tenriewed at length on the League sfution. In a talk with the New York

i Paris, the if aaeerta that

havtag caused the Leagea Idea to pro vaU America cannot abandon IL We cannot withdraw, he says, and laave

fcrope to chaos “I Leagia Covenant now

treaty Itself will collapse.”

Mr. Hoover's wide with conditions both he

his repetatloa as aa e I of groat affairs who deals with

*9hare are one or two points In connection with the present treaty," said Mr. Soever, “that need careful cocatdemtioo by the American public. T*e need to digest the fact that we have far a century and a half bean advocatiag democracy not only as a remedy for tha Internal Uls ef eU society. but also as the only real aafeC«htd Bgalast war. We have behaved and proclaimed, la seatoa sad eat. that a world Is which there was a

thd will of the majority was the real fa+ls of government, was essentia! for tha advancement of rtrUlaatloe, and

that we have proved Its mas benefits Is our country.

American Ideas Hava Prevailed. "We went into the war *e destroy aatocracy aa a menace ts oar own all ether democracies, if we had

democracy, aa a stable form of govein■nent as we know It. Is possible only with highly educated populations and a large force of men who are capable of government Few of the men who compose these gov.-rnmepts have had any actual experience at governing and their populations

“They win require a generation of actual national life la peace to develop free edncntlon and skill In goverf men L "Unieae these countries have a guiding band and referee in their quarrels, a ecurt of appeals for their wrouga, this Europe will gu beck to chaos. If tbars la such an institution, representing the public opinion of the world, and able to exert Us authority, they will grow Into stability. Ws cannot turn back new. "There la another point which alao needs emphasis World tree Lea hitherto have alweys been baaed on the theory of a balance of power. Strongbeen, sot up to dominate partly with a view to and to a greater degree with a view to maintaining occupations and positions for the reactionaries of tha world. “Ihe balance of powar Is bora of anal as 'and navies, aristocracies, autocracies, and reaction? rles generally, who can And employment and domination in them Institutions, and trestles founded oa this hails have established stability after each groat war far a shorter or longer time, but saror mere than a generation. "America came forward with a new idea, and we insisted upon Its In JoeWo possible u up such a piece of machinery with •eCh authority that the balance of power could be abandoned as a relic of the middle ages. We compelled an entl e construction of this treaty and •very wert and line In It to bend to this Idea. “Outsii'e of the League of Nations tha tree’.y Itself has many deficiencies.

irary man and between many selfish lv cereals and these very compromises and deficiencies are multiplied by the ' nations that have entered epea It* .ignatoi*, and the ve^ safety of the treaty Itself Use la a court of appeal for tha remedy of wrongs In

the treaty.

Benefits of r*ia League,

eerw lata tha war every Inch ef Bara- ‘ “One thing U certain. There la no pens soil today weald be under a* to- I body of hamao telega so wise that a

Wa have Unpooed

cratlc govci

©ur will on the world. Oat of ihU victory has cocao the destruction of tha four great aatocracles In Oermaay. Basal*. Turkey and Au*trt* and tha little eatecracy to Greece New democracies have aprung Into being to rotond, Finland, Letvto, Uthoanla, Kethocla, Csechoalevakla. Greater Serbia, Greece. Blberta. and even Germany and Austria hava antabltohed

.tie

aa Armenia. Georgia, Aaerbnljan and

i constitutions of Spain. KomsnU. d even Sigtand. have mode s final

secant to complete franchise nod democracy, although they atlU

a symbol ef royalty.

"We have hens ibe living sprlcf for this last cent ary and half from whl rh theea Idea* have sprang, and w«. have trlamphed The world today, except for a comparatively tow fractionary and cemmunL-:Ur autocracies, la Uem •cratlc, and wo did It "A mas who takas a wife and bleasea tha world with aereral Infant* caaaot ga away and leave them oa the claim that there was no legal mar-

__

“Thesa Infant damocrarias all hava j Europe the complete conviction that political, social end economic prob „ r . abraletaly disinterested. Tbo loms lavolvtog their neighbors that coneequmre U Umt there U scarcely are fraught with the meet toten*. , Mn , woman or child who can read friction Thera are no natural bound Europe that does not look to the

trocty could be made that would not develop Injustice and prove to-have been wrong to some particulars Aa the covenant stands today there Is a place at which redress can be found tad through which tha good-will of the world can be enforced. The very macblnerr by which the treaty la to ha executed, and scores of points yet to be solved, which hava been referred is the League of Nations a* a method ef securing more mature Judgment in a leas heated atmosphere. Justifies the

crestira of the League.

"To abandon the covenant now meena that the treaty itself will cut-

lapse.

“It would take tha exposure of but a few documents at my hand to prove Chat I had bran the moat reluctant of Americana to become Involved to this aituktlun to Burope. But having gone la with our ryes open and with a delemlna'iun to free oureolvea and the rest of the world from the danger* that surrounded ua, ws cannot now pall back from the Job. It ts no use to hold a great revival and then go away leaving a church for continued ,

half dona.

'We have eucrardad In a most extraordinary degree la Imposing updb

B. How alas will tha probability of war ha lessened? A. By voluntary, mutual and proportionate disarmament; by exchanging military Information, by providing for arbitration, by protecting each nai'c territorial Integrity and by educating public opinion to see the folly of war. „ «. What slat does tha League propose to defer Mankind? A. (1; Secure fair treatment for labor, C2) suppress the White Stave Traffic, the sale of dat^eroua Drugs, and the traffic In War Munitions, (8) control and prevent Disease. (4) promote the work of the .Bed Cross, and {5) establish International Bureaus fur other Causes that concern the human race. 7. Who are to be Charier Member* of tha LsagueT A. The United States of America, Belgium, Bolivia. Brazil, British Empire, Canada. Australia, South Africa, New Zealand. India, China, Cuba, Caecho-SIovakla. Eucador, France, Greece, Guatemala. Haiti, Bedjaz, Honduras, Italy, Japan, Liberia, NIc arsgua. Panama, Peru, Poland, Porti - gal. Rumania, Serbia, Slam, Uruguay and the following states whldh are invited to accede to the covenant: Argentine Republic, Chill, Colombia, Denmark, Netherlands. Norway, Paraguay, Persia. Salvador, Spain, Sweden, Swltseriand. Vaoenela. t. What other nations may Jolnf A. Any self-govern toj State which will agree to the rules of tba League, provided the League accepts IL •. What A pandas wilt tha League hava? A (1) An Assembly, composed of representatives of all tbs member Nations, ' (2) a Council of Nine, (5) a Secretary-General, (4) a Mandatary Commission, to look after colonies, etc, (5) a Permanent Commission, fog unitary questions, <6) various International Bureaus; such as the Postal etc. (7) Mandataries. TO. What la a Mandatory? A. Some one nation designated by the League to attend to the welfare at “backward peoples residing to colonies of the Central Empires, or to lerritortea taken from them." Tbla 1* to be a "sacred trust." and to eelcctlnc a mandatary tha wishes of the people of the area to question shall be tbs principal consideration. 11. Doss tha League moan a Supernation? B- No It toterferea to no way with any Nation's Sovereignty, except to limit Ua power to attack other nut Inna 12. Can any Nation withdraw whan H wishes? A. Ye*. The La-ague Is Advisory and Co operative, not coercive. 15. Ochs the League put Peace above Justice end National Honor? A. No. It puts Reason before Violence. 14. Doss net tha League taka away tha Constitutional right of Congress to daclsre war? A. No. The League ran advise war; Congn-as alone ran I>»cUrr war. 16. Doe* It destroy the Mon.ra Doctrine? A. Exactly the contrary. For Ilia flrat lime to Idatoiy the other nations recugnlxe the Monroe Doctrine; and extend It to all the worid. If. Dora It not Interfere with Tresty Making Powers of tha Jnltod Statraf A. No. It 'la a Treaty. Wo can make any Treaty we pleuae. 17. Would ws hava had *the Great War If wo had had tMe League? A No. That War cost th-- m«t<| over 7.000,000 Uvea and 300,000,U*m«a) dollar*. IX Of what importance Is tha

•rice to Europe. Races are not com pact | they blead at every border They j need railway communication and are, | outlet* through their neighbors' terri-

tory.

“Many of throe aiatau must for tha “Thu u not a problem of protiH-tlng * few yoara ft l niggle almost for ^ ,,,, llkl mas, for (he few the I re

United titalas at the ultimate aonrea from which they must receive aesuraa- •* and gu' rdlanahlp to the llhenloa Whl' h they have now secured after many generations of struggle.

mate tain their very axistabr*. Every cue of thaa* la go tog to do Its best; lu protort Its oavu lbtcreel*, even to tha prejudice ef Us

■aigtbor*

well look after theuiaeltra. What wa hava daaa la ts set up a •car* of Util* democraclra, and If tha | Mf-* people could vleaailae their handiwork they would toalat with tha asms datoruilrenoB that they -’id to

AM aw

A- It la the gi-rutcst dead of mankind In the hldtory of tlie wi,rld It. Has not anyone a right to object u tna League? A. Yra. Tkle la a free country. Anyone 1-as s right to any million be rtmnam SO. Why Is tha League so bitterly oppoeed by a lew? A Hera see. unfortunately, any Treaty or Iwaguc iau»t be made by the Proaldent, and a President la rlu-w-n by a |u>llliral party and many im-m-ber» of lit# uMM»tte Parly think they ducry uhautur he doua. i

We

are m ai to give al

-JobPrintirm, Prompt end Careful

Attention

MUdutn-faywrhoT. head* hits other printed

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