r

THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE.

;Uou to Cooxrcu Coaceralot NetM LefislaUon. WORK OF DEPARTMEfTTS REVIEWED.

PrtiMcal RdomtcH P«y» (U«vl«| Trlkot* to U« Law ProMcot tUKIaity - Frtcni CMRS SbMld Bt QJ»i JvMktWa Or*r A*; Mu Wfe« KUU *r AttuipU I* Kill (kc Preriiut—Pwct utf Pruperiiy—Waft* Work*r *4 Faraar—Mattrial Btvclop■cat aod ike Trasta—lasatar Fauctalaai —Q»U 'Scrrka Law-Peatc Wltfc All tka * CT n ^

Natkaaa.

remcdiea are needed in the w»y of governmenul regulation, or taxation, can

•ftcq

mainly bring over the immigrantx, and they nhould be held to a Uriel accountability tor any infraction of the law.

Praaaal Tariff Syataa.

There it general acquiescence in

present tariff system at icjrl The *rtt re^nititc

mBEruaCdBiSj*• • p°'- '?*»*“ p?~wn-w ■- . SSelSSr .filri. SS3f

iett interest* of the country by any ;eneral tariff change at this time.

requisite it knowledge, full and plete—knowledge which may be made

public to the world.

depent their i

. r cxitti tubject to . rition. and

roper goi

„ fan Md,

tion at to their ~ ide public regul

Following it the first annual message, in part, of President Roosevelt to the Congress of the United States: To the Senate and House of Represem

tativea:

The Congress assembles this year under a shadow of a great calamity. On the sixth of September, President McKinley was shot by an anarchist while attending the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, and died in that city on the fourteenth of that month. Of the last seven elected Presidents, he is the ehird who has been murdered. and the bare recital of this fact is sufficient to justify grave alarm

Aemricans citiai

all loyal . the circun

Aerancani

circumstances

sassination of an have a peculiarly

Both Preside

Garfield

types untortunal .

' story; President Lincoh

is dtirens. Moreover, of this, the third asAmerican President, Iv sinister significance. Lincoln and President

were killed by .fortunately not

history; President Linco

victim to the terrible passions aroused by four years of civil war, and President Gaifield to the revengeful Vanity of a disappointed offiice-sceker. President McKinley was killed by an utterly depraved criminal belonging to that body of criminals who object, (o all governments. good and bad alike, who are against any form of popular ,:v —— :t

it is guaranteed by even the

like, who i lar liberty

y evfd the most jnst

and liberal laws, and who are as hostile to the upright exponent of a free people's sober will as to the tyrannical

and irresponsible despot

The anarchist, and especially the anarchist in the United States, is merely one type of criminal, more dangerous than any other because he represents the same depravity in a greater degree. The man who advocates anarchy directly or indirectly, in any shape or fashion. or the man who apologizes for anarchists and their deeds, makes himself morally accessory to murder before

stly recommend to the Con-

gress that in the exercise of its wise discretion it .should take into consideration the coming to this country of anarchists or persons professing principles hostile.to all governments and justying the murder of those placed in authority. Such individuals as those who were not long ago gathered in open meeting to glorify the murder of King Humbert of Italy perpetrate a crime, and the law should ensure their rigorous punishment They and those like them should be kept out of this country; and if found here they shoulc) be promptly deported to the country whence they came; and far-reaching provision should be made for the punishment of those

who stav. No matter calls more gently for the wisest thought of

Congress,

The Federal courts should be gn jurisdiction over any man who Irills attempts to Jcili the President or any man who by the Constitution or bylaws is in line of succession for the Presidency, while the punishment for aq unsuccessful attempt should be portioned to th? enonpity of the fence against our institutions. Akeudlof Prosperity.

ade pul

State, always do business in many, 'T 81 *®,* supplementary;

I the interest of oor commercial and ma-

operations should be;°. f ‘"f are **

ilarly at reasonable in- ^ n * closely approaching panic h, the

■ business world. Yet it is not only pos- | sfble, but eminently desirable, to

able, to contour economic

Iways dJ bus'nesT V'm^G, '?“«*> » supplementary system of re•ften doing very little business ciprtxal benefit and obligation with

re incorpor- ? ,h . ef *»»<>"*• Such reciprocity is an

States, often doing very little bu . in the State where they are incorpor- ■ ated. There is utter lack of uniformity incident in the State laws about them; and as luhmfnt no State has any exclusive interest in

their acts, it has in pr

and result of the

and preservation of

—ic policy ‘

ent economic policy,

provided for in the present tarif " ' * be treated as the

itection. Our first

odty is an firm estabour pres-

lasular Possetsbas. In Hawaii our aim must be to velop the territory on the traditional American lines. We do not wish a region of l^rge estates silled by cheap labor; we wish a healthy American community of men who themselves till the farms they own. All our legislation for the islands should be shaped with this

end in view. It ii a pit

hardly more no

Porto Rico than as to any State or territory within our continental limits. The island is thriviitp as never before, and it is being administered efficiently and honestly. Its people are now enjoying liberty and order under the protection of the United States, and. upon

this fact we congratulate them and selves. I ask the attention of the press to the need of legislation com mg die public lands of Porto Rico. In Cuba such progress has been towards putting the independt

of the island - '

leisure to say that i necessary to report i • r St.1

' powi

matter itself, also ai

supervision and regulation over porations doing an interstate This is especially true where poration drives a portion of it from the existence of i

business. 1 oar home industries. Just how far this t— determined accordinp case, remembering

zpplic " '

Ustic dement ot tendency'ht hs^busH! 'ey to meet mir shifting national needs ness. There would be no hardship in be conditional upon the cardinal stich supervision; banks are subject to ‘• et that the duties must never be.re-

md in-their ca

: it is now

ibject to '• c * that the duties must never hi accepted duced below the point that will *

I the difference between the labor

adopted,' here and abroad. The well-being o

it, and in-thdr case

as a simple matter of course. I the difference between the labor cost When the Constitution was adopted,' here and abroad. The well-being of the the end of the eighteenth century,' wage-worker is a prime consideration ~> human wisdom could foretell the . our entire policy of cconomicc legit-

sweeping changes, alike in industrial lation.

and political conditions, which were to i Subject to this proviso of the proper take place by the beginning of the protection necessary to our industrial

accepted as-a matter of course that the reciprocity must command our hearty several Sutes were the proper author- support The phenomenal growth of exties to regulate, so far as was then port trade emphasizes the urgency of necessary, the comparativclv insignifi- the need for wider markets and for a cant and strictly localized corporate liberal policy m dealing with foreign bodies of the day. The conditions are nations. Whatever is merely petty and now wholly different and wholly differ- j vexatious in the way of trade restricent action is called for. I believe tions should^be avoided. The customers that a law can be framed which will to whom we dispose of our surplus proenable the National Government to ex-: ducts in the long run. directly or indiercise control along the lines above in- ‘ rectly. purchase those surplus prodi dicated; profitable by the experience by giving us something in reti pained through the passage and ad— 1 “ *

iugh the passage

itson of the Iiucrstati If. howeve* ; ~*-

Act.

Congress tional (k>\

constitutional

ibmitted

idmin-1 Their ability to purchase*our products

— -.c-Commerce should as far as possible, be secured er. the judgment of the by so arranging our teriff as to enable

that it lacks the constitu- ] us to take from '

to r*— —-

constitu-1 us to take from them those products act . then j which we can use without harm to our tiould be ’ own industries and labor, or the use of

which will be of marked benefit to us Cabinet! I ask the attention of the Senate lowff as Secretary of the reciprocity treat Industrie- -- *- - • »

Nation

.Such prosperity can never be created

by law alone, althjbgh it ' - to destroy it by mischie the hand pf the Lord

drout

to avert law can

i of idle

i who are

h heai

’ form, are al- * not only to

> be congratulated because

of its present abounding prosperity.

lever be created it is easy enough lieyous laws. If i is heavy upon

any country, if flood or drouth comes,

human wisdom is powerless the calamity. Moreover, no guard us against the conseq:

our own folly.. The men wbc or credulous. Ac men who seek gains not by genuine work with head or hand but by gambling in any form, are always a source of menace not only to themselves but to. others. If the business world loses its head, it loses what legislation cannot supply. Fundamentally the welfare of each citizen, and therefore the welfare of the aggregate of citizens which makes the Nation, must rest upon individual thrift and energy, resolution and intelligence. Nothing can take the place of this individual capacity; but wise legislation and honest and intelligent administration can give it the fullest scope, the largest

opportunity to work to good effect

Trasta.

The tremendous arid highly complex industrial development which went on with ever accelerated rapidity daring the latter half of the nineteenth century brings us face to face, at the beginning of the twentieth, with very aenous social problems. The old laws, and the old customs which had almost the binding force of law, were once quite sufficient to regulate the ac lation and distribution of wealth, the industrial changes which have so enormously increased the productive powerjif mankind, they are no longer

in ber.>wih

The growth of cities has gone on yond comparison faster than the growth pf the country, and the upbuilding of the great industrial centers has meant a startling increase, not merely m the aggregate of wealth, but in the number of very large individual and especialhrof very Urge corporate, fortunes. The creation of these great .corporate fortunes has not been due to

— pass

lal amendtr

to confer the . _ _

There should be created a Cabinet! I ask the attention of the

officer, to be known as Secretary °f the reciprocity treaties Uid before

Commerce and Industries, as provided by my predecessor

province to deal with commerce Hi its! 1 _ Th * condition of the American merbroadest sense; including among many “•Jl* mlnne ,s * ac h ** to call for tmother things whatever concerns labor j nwdute remedial action by the Conand all matters affecting the great tfreis. It is discreditable to us as aNation business corporations and our merchant our merchant marine should be utmarine Icly insignificant in comparison to that 1*. F,r«, .X

., —itions which we overtop ._

SMSSr .2 & vzzls?- .!.i To «-*•«* .hmi. -odd

mild up our shipwould also result are interested in

permanent establishment of a wider rlcet for American products, and

le an auxiliary force for the

fore a matter for hearty congratul

tl,e Permanent establis

^ ‘ lancet for

'ould providi

| Our Government should take such

idminis- ; f£ on “

The American merchant marine

the ocean.

that on day in i fore in i

in any other country. living is also higher than Every effort of legislator i

i ; ' hWC -rS

and its improvement wherever pot- The GoM Standard, sible. Not only must our labor be pro- The Act of March 14. 1900. intended tected by the tariff, but it should also unequivocally to establish gold as the be protected so far as it is possible 1 standard money aod to mainuin at a presence in this rountry of phrity therewith aft forms of money

medium in use with us, has been shown to be timely and* judidons. The price of our Government bonds in the world’s market, when compared with the price of similar obligations issued by other

__ protccti

from the

any laborers brought over bv contract, or of those who, coming freely, yet rep-

it a standard of living, so depressed they can undersell our men in the

* ' g them to a lower

necessary, with

®d in view, to re-enact immediately the law excluding Chinese labor-

ers and to strengthen it

that they can

labor market and drag level. 1 regard it as this «nd in view, to n

nations, is a flattering tribute to our credit. This condition it is evi-

, erever n

essary in order to make its enforce-

ment entirely effective. Our {present inunig

msatisfactory- We need every

nd efficient Hnmirrant fitted to become an American litizen, every immigrant who comes here to stay, who brings here a strong body, a stout

heart, a • • - - * -

nsatisfa nd effii

immigrant

crican citizen

good head, and a r<

j»se to do his duty well in and to bring tip his childrc

abiding and God-i

resolute purn every way, Idren as law-

_ fearing members of

- —, . . lijy. . But there shduld be

comprchenlive law e

‘ of working

the community

r «? ac, ' d .. ? ith

raent over, otfr present system. First.

aim to exclude absolutely

1 ——who

anarchu

anarchistic persons who

if uni

p are known to istic principles

bligations i

— a flatterinj

public credit. This cqn dently desirable to main!

iTS, proper

‘Stic

, *"y «■

mg Law fum the proper e

function; but there seems to be need of better safeguards against the deranging influence of commercial crisis and fi-

should

not only all be believers or members but also all

moral tendency or of unsavory reput tion. This myans that we should require a more thorough system of inspection abroad and a more rigid system of examination at our immigration ports, the former being especially necesThc second object of a proper immigration law ought to be to secure by a careful and not merely perfunctory education test some intelligent capacity to appreciate American institutions and act sanely as American citizens. This would not keen out all anarchists, for many of them belong to the intelligent criminal class. But it wodld do what is also in point,/*-* - *—•* *-

decrease the sum of i|

nancial panics. IsUrmal Taxes.

ictiont from dm

, internal taxes continue

exceed the ordinary expenditure the Government, thanks mainly to reduced- army expenditures. The most care should be taken not to re-

so that there will be

a deficit; bu

means should be

of

the

ie revenues

r possibility of a deficit; but. after

jviding against any .such

cy, means should will bring the revi within Jthe limit of

conti ngen-

Adopted whief

venues more near!;

CuLa such progress has been made rds putting the independent government of the island upon a firm looting that before the present session of the Congress closes this will be an accomplished fact. Cuba will then start as her own mistress; and to the beautiful Queen of the Antilles, as she unfolds ' s new page ol her destiny, we extend r heartiest greetings and good wishes.

howmor-

... Juba. are weighty reasons of ality and of national interest why policy should be held to have a peculiar application, and I most earnestly ask your attention to the wisdom, indeed to the vital need, of providing for a substantial reduction in the tariff duties on Cuban imports into the United

States.

In the Philippines our problem is larger. They are very rich tropical islands. inhabited by many varying tribes, representing widely different stages of progress toward civilization. Our earnest effort it to help these people upward along the stormy and difficult path that leads to self-government. We hope to make our administration of the islands u—ki- —— Motion by making it of

among those whose V tea in ships. Unleti

ss go down to th<

sea in ships. Unless our commerce i* always to lie carried Hi foreign bottoms,

•y» to l

must have war crafts to protect 1 V great debt is owing from the pubto the men of the Army and Navy, hey should be so treated as to enable them to reach the bighest point of efficiency, so that they may be able to respond instantly to any demand made upon them to sustain the interests of the Nation and the honor of the flag. The , individual American enlisted man is probably on the whole a more formidable j fighting man than the regular of any other army. Every consideration should be shown him. and in return the highest standard of usefulness should be exacted | from him. It is well worth while for the |

Congress to consider whether the pay of ‘ t enlisted men upon second and subsequent | *

enlistments should not be increased to ' correspond with the increased rahie of

the veteran

Ives 1

tend to

done,

material prosperity

1 do, we point to w

Already a greater measure of 1 prosperity and of governmental

.' and effici

ed in the Philippi; their history. _

government

honesty and efficiency has been attain-

~" ' :fore in

ipines than ever befo

There are still troubles ahead in .. . islands. The insurrection has become an affair of local banditti and marauders. who deserve no higher regard than the brigands of portions of the Old World. Enco*tragement. direct or indirect, to these insurrectos stands on the same footing as encouragement to hostile Indians in the days when we still had Indian wars. Exactly as our aim to give to the Indian who remains peaceful the fullest and amplest eonsidition, but to have it understood that will show no weakness if he goes on the warpath, so we must make it evident.' unless we are false to our own traditions and to the demands of civilization and humanity, that while we will do everything in our power for the Filipino who is peaceful, we will take the sternest measures with the Filipino who follows the path t>f the tn-

surrecto and the ladn The heartiest —•'

numbers

bebes have been conspicuous

their courage and devotion to the flag

The time has come when th ihould be additional legislatian Philippines. Nothing better

t prais

1 of the nati’ _ __ . icir steadfast loyalty. The Maca-

have been consp

s due to Wge of the isHds

The ”

be done for the islands -than to introduce industrial enterprises. Nothing would benefit them so much as thtpwing them open to industrial development. I call your attention most earnestly to the crying need ot a cable to Hawaii and the Philippines, to be continued from the Philippines to points in Asia. We should not defer a day longer than necessary the construction of such a cable. It is demanded not merely for commercial, but for political and military considerations. Either the Congress should immediately provide for the construction of a government cable, or el* an arrangement should be made by which like advantages to those accruing from government cable may be secured to * government by contract with a pri-

ite cable company.

No single great material work which remains to be undertaken on this continent is of such consequence to the American people as the building of a canal across the Isthmus connecting North and South America. Its importance to the Nation is by no means limited merely to its material effects upon our business prosperity: aka* it would he to the last degree important for us

immediately to begin it

I am glad to be able to announce to you that our negotiations on this subject with Great Britain, conducted on both

ties, within Jhe limit of our actual needs. Iz low his report to the.Congress the Secre-uta-1 tary of the Treasury considers all thes<

tary of the Treasury tonsil questions at length, and I tention to the report and

lions.

Strict Ecaaaay. I call strict attention to the need of strict economy in expenditures. The fact that our national needs forbid^us to be

I to husband our each of us hus-

But it woild do ^ that is, tend to ignorance, SO no-

avoidance of anything like reckless or

Axrk«ttarsi Department

The Department of Agriculture dur-

tent Hi producing the envy^ snspido^/ ingjhej»st fifteen years has steadily out of which anarchistic sentiment in-' ncs -

evitr*-*- —“ " “

tred of ordbr broadened ita work on economic lines, —* : and has accomplished results of real

value in upbuilding domestic and

forslds,

- in touch with all sections as competi- of our country, and with two of the islThere should , and group* that have lately come under si capacity to , our jurisdiction, whose people must look ind enough to agriculture as a livelihood. .It U start under searching the world for grains, grasses, fruits and vegetabjes rpectaily fitted for introduction into localities in the several States and Territories where they may add materially to our resource*. By i0 “ ” £LK v S , f '

with Great Britain, conducted on

sides in a spirit of friendliness and mutual good will and respect, have resulted in my being able to lay before the Senate a treaty whit* if ratified, will enable us to begin preparations for an Isthmian canal at any time, and which guarantees to this Nation every right (hat it has ever asked in connection with the canal. The signed treaty will at once be laid

before the Senate, and if a

with

soldier.

Civil Service.

The merit system of making appointments is in its essence as democratic and American as the common school system itself. It simply mean* that in clerical and other position* where the duties are entirely non-poKtical. all ap- 1 plicants should have a fair field and no 1 favor, each standing on his merits as j is able to show them by practical 1 Written competitive examinais offer the only available means in many cases, for applying this system In other cases, as where laborers are era ployed, a system of registration ur doubtcdly can be widely extended. Thci are. of course, places where the writ ten competitive examination cannot Ik applied, and others where it offers by no means an ideal solution, but where under political conditions it is. though an im- j perfect means, yet the best present means | of getting satisfactory results.

Interst»It Commerce.

In 1887 a measure was enacted for the regulation of interstate railway? commonly known as the* InterstCommerce Act. The cardinal pr< ions of that act were that rail-

should be just and reasoi that all shippers, localities, nodities should be accorded should be amended. Th .lublic servant. Its rates

be just to and open to all shipper? The Government should see to i within its jurisdiction this is 1 should provide a speedy, inex and effective remedy to that end

Uprislat is China.

The general terms of the se of the questions growing out <j, ti-foreign uprising in China < having been formulated in a j< addressed to _ China by the re lives of the injured powers ii her last, were promptly accept! Chinese Government. After • conferences the plenipotetitiar several powers were able to si protocol with the Chinese r tiaries on the 7th of last i setting forth the measures China in compliance with thr of the joint note, and expre* satisfaction therewith. It v before the Congress, with

rea truer The ai

Tbt Conti lar Servir

The consular service is ized under the provisions c ed Hi 1856. which is entin to existing conditions, shown by so many comn throughout the country r ization of the service is aded to your attention^

SL tool* Expo?'

I bespeak the most from the Congress and the St. Louis Expos itk the One Hundre he Louisiana pure * was the greates pansion in our hist decided that we were 1 continental republic, 1 roost power in the phere. It is one of tl landmarks in our h turning points in our

The Charlestoa

Th* Moara* Doctrine. Our people intends to abide by the Monroe Doctrine and to insist upon it as the one sure means of securing th« peace of the Westtrn Hemisphere.. The Navy offers us the only means of making our insistancc upon the Monroe Doctrine anything but a subject of derision to whatever nation chooses to disregard it We desire the peace which comes as of right to the just man armed; not the peace granted on terms-of

he work of ujbuilding the Navy * be steadily continued No one point of our policy, foreign or domestic, is more important than this to the honor and material welfare, and above all to the peace, of our Nation in the future Whether we desire it or not, we must hwiceforth recognize that we have international duties no less than international right*. Even if our flag were hauled down in the Philippines and Porto Rico.

even if we*derided not to build the Isthmian Canal we should need a thorough- State has no law* n .

abandon the idea that our Nation u jedion to tb* consolidation. .

vV /; ■ I. I* . '

The people of Chai energy and riyic spii on an Exposition whi throughout most of th of the Congress. I he. this Exposition to the »ple. It deserves al ent that can be given

At Peace W.rt tfcr

The death of Queen the people of the United heartfelt sorrow, to wl ment gave full expressu ident McKinley died, or received from every qua ish Empire expression sympathy no less sincere the Empress Dowager F. many also aroused the g( of the American people : pathy was cordially r Germanv when the Prcaat sinated.* Ip the midst o we revcrciTtlj thank the we are at peace w-ith the kind, and we firmly inte icy shall be such as to co Ac* international relat respect and-good will

THEODORE RCPtlsoacd Tbclr Cl

Ithaca, Mich, (Special Qiffinby was found gvil her two children by adi son and sentenced to li' The woman agd her to rid thmselres of poisoned them both, last week convicted ai4

life imprisonment.

Maacharts Deri Brake

(By Cable).—

Office here confunu Ac re Russo-Chinesc negotiation* draria are broken off. T> tribute this more to Ae op, Chinese vice-roy* and the "* '■* than to the

Hung C Japan.

Governor Geer, of Oregon, s*

b regulating com