• Cape ijfejj " . (Ocean llace. -

:<L_.X— .===—• : VOL XIII.

--- ^ 'V v - - ----- CAPE ISLAND. CAPE MAY COUNTY, NEW JERSEY. WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER II. 1867.

NO. 663.

THIRD ANNUAL MESSAGE ANDREW JOHNSON, Fmldrni cr the lulled Staffs. ■ " " i Read In Congreea, Tuesday, Doc. Srd, I8S7. FfUow citizen* of the Senate and Houtt of Repre tentative* : Tfiecoslluuotl disorganization of the Uaioo, te which the President ban auy ofteo called (he altealioa of Congress, la jet a aohject af profound and pairiotic concern We may, however, find some relief from (list anxiety in the reflection that the paiofal political sitae- ' tion, although belore untried by oureelres, la not new In the experience of Dsliona. Political science — ptrrliap•i bi*hlr perfected id ear own time 1 and^^jiihtry aa io any other— haa not > yef disclosed any maaua by wtriab ei»il | win can be pretested. An enlightened nalioo, however, with a wise sod , beneficial csnatitntion of free govern- i ment, may diminub their frequency ; ' and mitlgsta their sorority by directing all its proceedings iu accordance with j Its fundamental law. When a citil j war baa been brought to a nioae it It J ' manilestiy tbe Aral iateraat and duly til ; the state to restore tbe injuries which j 1 tba war h .a Inflicted — and to secure J ' the benefit of tbe lessons it teaches as J. fully and as speedily aa possible. This j 1 duty was, upon tbe termination of the 1 rebellion promptly accepted — sot only j ' by the Executive departflipnt — but by I tbe insurrectionary btaies tbemaelrea. \ ' and realoration — in the.firtt memento: peace, was believed to be as easy and j Certain as it was indispensable. The expectations however, then at ; reasonably aud confidently entertained 1 were disappointed by legislation fron which 1 fell constrained by my.obliga- | lions to tbe Constitution la withhold ' ' my assent. It is, therefore, a source of profound j ' regret that In complying with the obligations imposed upon the President by j ' tbe Constilalion, to give to Congrra- j from time to time iuformatfbu of th-- j cute of tbe Union, I am unable to i communicate any definite ndjaatment, I satisfactory to the American people, of { ihe -questions which siuoe tbe date ol | the rebellion, have agitated the public ; mind. On the contrary, candor compels mito declare that at this time tb«re is av Union as oar fathers understood the j term, and at they meant it to be uoderetood by nt' The Union which tbey established can exist only where all the j Elates are represented io both lionets I ' of Caagrest ; '"where one State is aa free as anothar to rogalats its inleroal { canceras according to its own will," j and where tbe lawe af tba central got, eminent, strictly confined to matters of natipnsl jurisdiction, apply with equal force to all tba people of every sec- ; lioa. That sooh is not the present "stale af the Union," is a melancholy fact, and wa all most acknowledge that threstoration of ths slates to tbeir proper} legal relatione with tbn Federal govern- , ment and with one another, according to tbn term* of tbe original compact, i would be the greatest temporal blessing which God, In bis kindest providence could bestow open this ontion. It be- . comas our imperative duty to considi r whether or sot it is impossible to effect this most desirable consummation. „ The nnieo and tbn Constitution nte inseparable ; as long aa one i* obeyed by all parties, the ether will be preserved, and if see is destroyed both j mast perish together. The destruction af the Constitution will ba followed by other sad still greater calamities. It was ordaiatd j giol oalyf to form a more perfect Union | 'between the slates, bat to "establish /jastice, insure domssllc tranquility, I provide for tbe eommon defence, pro mete the general wslfsre, and seen re the blessings ef liberty te ourselves and our posterity." Nothing bat implied obedieocs ta iu requirements in ell parte of the country will accomplish these great ends. Without that obe- , dienea, we eao loek forward only to j continual outrages upon individual | rigbte looestnut breaches of tbn publ c ! peace, natloaal wtakuess, financial din- : honor, the totel loan of ear preeperity, the general corruption of morals, and tbe tmt extinct ion of popular freedom. Te save onr country from evils to appalling an thass, we skanld renew eur efforts again and again. Te me tbe process ef restoration ! seems perfectly plain and simple It oonsieu mervdy ia a faithful applies-": Uaw of tha Constitution and lawn. Tba axaeaUoa af tba law* is not sow oWae^^^oppostdj by jvhyslcsl ■ , neaoseity, real or preteaded. which eaa prrvest wbadieaea to tba Constitution; at liver North or geatb, all Ua rights aad ail tha abltgatioas of Mate* and dsdvklssb eaa be pvotoetad aad soma* ba ivtvynktN open, aad if opes, thair putt. .11 woaMta aakapad^i. Crimea pffalaan tba United States eaa ba prasaatader paaksbsd bytba proper Jn Uriel wether Wan. la a aaaaaer i

or mare of its branches is the only ob- ! i Steele that can exist to a perfect Union | i of all the States | I On this momeqtou* question, and ! t tame ef tqe measures growing out of | ■ ' it, 1 linva bad the misfortaae to differ 1 ' from Congress snd have expressed my ! i convictions without reserve though j i with bflcomiag detercoce to tbe opin- ; ■ ion ef the legislative department — j i Those convictions s re-toot only tin- j t changed, bnt strengthened by eiih»e- I qosnt events and further reflection, i i The transcendent importance of the I | V subject will be a suificieul excuse for j i calling your attention to some of iht i i rcssona which have slrougly inflaencetl , I my owo judgement ' Ths hope that we may ell finally^] concur in a mode of sottlement consist-, j •nt at once with uuraworu dative to thi ; Constitution, is too .natural nod toe j I just to ba easily relinquished It is clcor to my apprehension tbsit" ! i ! the States, latniy in rebellion, are siili ' i 1 members of the National Union. ; ■ When did tney cease to ba so? The i j "Ordinance of Secession," adopted by i i a portion, in most of tbem a very small : i ! portion, of their citizens were mere j I : nullities. If we admit now that they j i | were valid and effectual for tbe purpose | i j intended by their sntbors, we sweep i i from under onr feet tbe whole ground > ; upoo which we justified the war. Wert i j those 8tates afterwards expelled from i 1 the Union by tbe war ? Tbe direct i ' contrary waa averred by this 'govern- ! ment to be iu purpose and was so i | ouderstood by all those who gave their i blood and treasare to aid ia ila prose- i cotloa. It cannot ba that a succeasfal ' | war, waged for the preservation of the i | Union, had the legal vffect of diasulv- | ing it. The victory of the nation', i I arms waa not the disgrace of her policy. The defeat of teerplnn in the bettlr i : field wee not the triaihph of its lawless ' j principles. Nor could Congress with . i or without the eonsvul of lliacx-iitrive, ; | do anything which would have thr ; i effect directly or indirectly of separa- , j ting the S'.ates from tech other To I dissolve tlia Union is to repeal thr I Constitution which lipids it together. and ibul it a power wbicfi does not be1 long to any department of this Govern - I ment or to ell of them united. Tin. is so plain that it has been arknosl J edged by all branches or the Federal . , Uoveituneal. The Kxeeniive — my predecessor s» ! | well at uiyself — snd the brads of all | the departments have uniformly acted , | upon tbe principle that the Uniln i> I uot only ondlssolvi d, bnt indissoluble | Congress submitted an amendmest i , to the Constitution to be ratafied bv j | the Southern States and accepted their | | acts ol ratlficatioa as necatsary and j I I Awful exercise of their bigheal function. . . I If thry were not States, or were States j ! onl of (he Union, their consent to s ! | ; change in the fundamental law of thr : [ i Union would have been negatory, and ' Cengress, in asking it committed a | political absurdity. Tba Judiciary has also given ths solemn sanction of lt( authority to thr ' i same view of the case. The Judges of J the Sapueme Court have included thr j j Southrnv States in their circuits, and j , they are ffbnstanily io banc and else- ' j where exercl-iag Jsrisdictiou which ' ' | does not belong to Ibsni, unless tho^j f | States are Stales of tbe Union. If thr | _ 1 Southern States are eomponen psrts j r ■! of the Union, the Conitilutinn is thr i i snpromeat law for tbem as it is for all , the other States ; they are bonod to | f j obey it and to are we Thr right of i I tha Fsaral Government, which is elear . ; and nnqueetlunablr, to enforce the con- ! , it i tut ton upon them, impliea the correl- J ' ative abli^atioa on onr part ta ob- I , serve its limitations and execute IU . I j gaaraatees. j : Withoot the Constitution we are no , (blag; by, through, and under tbe j t : Constitution we art what It mtkea ns. | j We may donbt the wisdom of the law, ' ae may not approve of its provisioas, ; , j bat we cannot violate it, merely became j , it neems to confine oar powers within ; . limits narrower than we conld wish , U it not a qaeation of iadividaal or | , j class, or sectional interest, much lees i . j of party predomiaanca, bnt ol daty, ol | , high and sacred duty, which we are ell j j ] sworn te perform. If wa cannot sapE port tha Coastitntloa wlth the cheerful , . ! alacrity of those who love and believe j In It, we must g(ve to it at least the j ! fidelity af public servants, who act : audit solemn obligations and com ) ; manda which they dara aot disregard, j The eoaslitutioaal daty la aot tbe only on# which requires the States to , j ba restored. There ia eaother eonsD j t j deration, which, thoogb of minor Im*Y»ortaoee. Ia yat of great weight. ! On tbe Md day of July, 1861, Cod- , : grata declared by aa almost unanimous I ; veta of both Haassa, that the war : r i should ba eoadeeted solely for the pur- „ poaa of preserving tha Uaioa, aud : . maintaining tba vapreascy af tba Fed- | eral Const! tatioa aad lawn, wivboat j impairing tba dignity, equality, and j . rigbta of tba Bute*, ar of iwdieidoeU ; ; , aad that whea ibis waa doae tba war j , abawld oaaaa. I da aot eay tbat this ! deetaratiao la peraoaally blading on | ; iheee wbo joined in making it, any 0 j mora than iadividaal members af Con _ ! grass era paraoaally booad to pay a v j pab^d^i eyd^aadpt ^Uw Jar 'Iwhatirmmda iba ri| sllail.a af lt ia

' South were drawn to our standards by j < and hundred* of thousands in the , 1 j North gave tueir lives io the belief ' i that it would carried out It was j J made on tha day sfldr tbe first great I battle of tbe war had] been fought and ; , ' lost. All patriotic and intelligent men , i then saw the necessity of giving such J sn ussornuce, and believed that with- j ' out it (be war would ead in disasl^ to 1 | our cause. Having given that assu- j < i in the extremity of our peril, the j ( i violation of it now, io the day of onr j i power, weald be a rending of ihu' i { good faith which holds the moral world i { together. Onr couutry would cesio to | " ] any claim upon tbe confidence of j ' j men. It would make the war not only J MSri 'iure but a frsnd T*"^!eii>g sinccrly confinced that thesr | , views are correct, I would be unfaith- i j ful to my duty if 1 did aot recommend c i the repeal of tbe acta u'f Congress which ■ 'I f.laWe ten of tbe Southern States undrt 1 ; tfie domination of militarj masters. It ' calm riflectiou shall satisfy a majority | ' I of your hwuorahia bodies that tbe acts j , ' referred to are not only a violation of I ( the national .faith, but in direct can- i | : Diet with the Constitution, 1 dare not I . permit myself to doubf that you will 1 | immediately strike them from the sla- 1 tula book ' > To demonstfhte the auconstitotiooal : | character of these acts, I osed do ne : i more thou refer to their general provi- , tion*. It mast be seen at oace thai i tbey are aot aulboriiud to dictate what alteration shall be mado io the Con- J stito'iona of tbe several States To ( control tba election of State Legislators and State officers, and members , of Congress sod electors of President i and Vice-President, by arbitrarily de- t daring wbo shall vote, and wbe shall J lie excluded from that privilege ; to . dissolve State Legislatures or prevsnt ' them from assembling ; ro dismiss f \ Judges and other civil functiucaries ol ' ths Slate and appoint others without • ; regard to Slate law ; to organiie snd i I aperate sll the political machinsry ol | ' the States ; to regulate the whole ad- j ' ministration of their domestic and local affairs according to the mere wit! ol j strange and irresponsible agents unt ! , among them for tbat purpose, — these t are powers net granted to the Federt! j . Goveratneut. or to any one of iti 1 branches. Not being granted, we vio- : ' { late the Constitution io the face of all . positive iuteldict, for tbe Constitution !' forbids us to do whatever it does not I aflirmalivsly /authorize — eliner by ex , press words or by clear implication, If the authority we desire :o use does j not corny through tha Canilitution, we . cuo exercise it only by asurpation, and usurpnliou is the molt dangerous of I political crimes. By that crime thr enemies «f free government io all agev , bave worked oat their designs against , I public liberty and private right. It ; leads, directly and imnediately, to the i e tsbliskincui of absolite rule, for uni : delegated power is aivsys onliniited • and unrestrained. Th* acts of Con- ■ grass in question arc tr.it only objou- • j (tonal lor th.ir assuinptisu of angranl- : , ud power, hot many ol tlslr provisions i are in conflict with the direct provi- ! j iioas of tbe Constitution. Tha Con- j - { siita'tion commands that a republican ; i : form of goverumeul shall bv gaarnnleed »Lto all tbe Stairs ; ibpffio person shall - • be deprivec ol lite, liberty, or property, i without flue progttt of law, arrestee • | without a judicial )a arrant, orponitbrc I without a fair trWI before an impartial : • ; tfiaTtba-ptivilegn of linttat carfl put stall not be dented iu time of | r peace, and that no bill of attaluder - shall be pushed even against a single - j individual. Yvt tbe system of men- - 1 sura* established by these acts af Cooi sress does totally sobvert and destroy , the form an well as tha substance of - Republican government ia the Un > , States to which tbey apply. It binth . tbem hard and fast ia absolute slavery , i and aabjects tbem to a strange and bos- < , ' tile power more nnlimiiad and more i i ! likely te be abased lhao any other saw j ) known among civlKxed men. It tramples dowa ell those rights In 1 r which the essence of libarly coosisM, snd ; which a tree govtrnmsnt is always most i carefal to protect. It dsoiss the kabeat ; corput and the trial by jary. 1'ervooal 1 i freedom, property, sad lir#', if assailed by • I tbe paasiab, the pr-jadic». or tbe rapacity 1 ■ of the raler, have oo security whatever, s It baa tba effect of a bill of attaindevwr a c bill ol paint aad pvnalties not upon a few , iodividuala, but upoo wbola maaaes, inclnding tbe millions wbo inhabit tha subject Smtes and avan their inborn children. • These wrongs being expressly forbidden, v cannot ba eonsliMitonaily inflicted opoir > any portion ef onr people no matter how . : Uay may bavs coma within onr jarisdie- . i tion, and no matter whether ihry liva ia Slataa, Tv.riloriea or districts. I have aa desire to save from tba pra- " ! par and jest eonsaqaencea of their great • ! crime, Iheee wbo eegaged ia rebellioo ' against lbs goveromsot, but aa a mods of - punishment tbe measures ander eoaeider1 1 alto a are th* most unreasonable ibalcooid . be invented. Many af thoee pwaple are . , perfectly innocent. Many kept thaif . fidelity ta tba Caiaa oataiatad ta tbe lost. 1 I Many warn taoapwble of any lagel affenoe. ! A Urge pro pot Una avaa of tba paraoas r ! abta to bear arms, ware forced iato rebelI ! ItwW against their will, and of thoee wbe n ere fwilty with their own consent, tba de- . ! gr«as ur gailt are as variaas aa tha sbadae _ | of tneir cbarsatar sod tamper. . i Bat Usee acts of Coegrvee eoofosnd ' | thass ail together in oaa common doom. i sects and peruee. uTopoe wh^le comma J . aitlee for oteaaee aammtttad by a part.aa a i ef tham agaiaat the fevers meats to which J | bavtaioma egweW th^T^^TchrL- • I aa owri maot'wMh the

; coodemnstins of sll unprejudiced snd t right minded men. The primal iv» justice I ; of ibis ege, and especially of this conotry, ■ [ does out cenvist io stripping whole Nlstei > : of their Uoartics, and redactog all tb*ii i j people unbent dieltoctios, to the condi- ' lion of eievery. It deele separately with ' each individual, "Contiaee itself to the I .forms ef law, and vindicates its own purity ' ao itnyeriial examination of every cave>t | bvfure e competent judicial tribunal. ■ iftbiv does not eetisly all oor desires > I with regard to Southern rebels, let ns ( console ourselves by refiectiog that a free I Domination, triumphant io war. and uti- < j broken to peace, is worth far more to us I and oar children then tbe gretificatlen of ' present leeliog. 1 am aware it is as- ' tamed that this system of government for ' I the Southern States it not to be perpet- t eel. It is true ibie military government t | is to be only provisional, but it is Ibroogh i this temporary evil that a greater evil .s i be made pwrpetutl. if the guarantees I of the Constitution can be brokeo provi. I siooally, to serve a temporary purpose. < end in e part oolt of^tbe cwnuuy, we can ^ Arbitrary ni.-a.nrei ofteo c bang.-, bat they ' I generally cnange fsr the yrbrse. it is the ] • 1 curse of despotism that it hss no balling ! t place. The intermittedyexercise of its i i power brings no »«ns# of ehcarity to it. I I I subjects, for tbey can never know what j ' ! more tbey will be called to endure when l its red right band it armed to plages them . 1 again. Nor is it josaiblw^io conjecture j i thn't ere wtill free may be enslaved at any moment. For if the Constitution does j not protect all, it protects aone. j ' It is manifestly end avowedly tha ob- : 1 the privileges of voting end to disfran- j t cbita such a uomber ol while citizens as | i will give the former e clear majority at j ; all eieetiooi in. the Sootbern States. This i the minds of tome persons is so imp.n- j 1 tent that a violation of Iba Constitution I ■ is justified at a maaua of hriligiog It nboui j i complisb a desirable ead. We are uot { < permitted to do evil that good may come { ■ Bat in this case tbe en : Itself is evil a- . - wall as the means. Tbe subjugation ot i i the States to oegro domination would b.- j worse than tba military despotism under i which tbey are now suffering. It was be. ! - lieved beforehand Ibut the pceple woulo - | | .ndote eny amount of military oppression 1 I lor ahy leogtb of time rather than degrade ' 1 Therefore they have beep lelt wilhoul a ' choice. Negro sufiiage was estublishr.l ' act of Uoogress, and the military olli- t I process of clothing tbo n-'gru race with;' ] the political privileges lorn from white ; 1 . t he Marks in tbn S..uth ur« entitled t • ] ' j be well and humanely governed and t» , ' their rights of person aud property . It | uUr* In utiVown'wBy ""wlold^becotn'. i - ; a grtve pueslion whether we ought to do j ■ so or whylber common humanity would j uot require us to aave them from then.- i i ] selves. But under the circum.inucus this | I ! is only a speculative poiot. It is not pro. j ' I poseu owrely that tbey shall govern them- I i ' .elves but tbat tbey shall rulo tbe white I i rec», m-kws and administer Slate laws, J elect l'resiients end members at Congress. - i nod shape ta a greater or l-st extent the j i j future destiny of tba wboln country.— ; j Would anch u cult and power be sate to ; ) such bands?. I The peculiar \nslities which shoold ! i chirncteriz* any pvople wbo urn fit to d.-. - I cide upoo the management of pnbltc af- i ■ | fair* lor a great Statu have seldom bern j combined. It is tba gloiy of white men j t«> kuow that tbey have had these qnulti this continent s greet political fabric, and.! I to preserve its stability for mors then j * elnety years, while in every otbsr part of , : { tbe world all similar experiments beve | failed. Bat if aaytbing can be proved by : known facts, if all reasoning upon evidence it not abandoned, it ninst ba nc- j knowledged tbat in the progress sf nations j negroes bsva aboan lets capacity for government (ban any other men o( people. — r No indepondeal guvrrnmeot uf any form hes ever been sncceeslul io their bands. On the contrary, whenever tbey have been 1 left to their own devices, tbey bave vbowo ' a constant teodaor'y la relapse into bar- ■ baritm. In lbs Soitbero Elates, bawever, ! Congress bat undertaken to canfer npon r tbem tba privilege ef tba ballot. Jnst I r (leased from slavery, It may be doubted , ! whether us a class tbey know mors than ! tbuir ancestors hew to organise aad reg- , nlnts civil aociety. Indeed it it admitted , tbat tba blacks af tba Booth are not ooly I regardless of the rights of property, but . so utterly ignorant of pablie affairs tbat ' tbtir voting can can 1st in nothing more than carrying a ballot to tbe pleee where j tbey arw directed to deposit it. , I need not remind yen tbat the exercise . af tba eleolive fraochue is tba highest at- . tribute of an American ciuxen, and that when gaided by virtoe, inuliigeoee, patriotiim, and a proper appreciation of our j free institutions it coBstllolet lbs true , basis of a democratic form ef goverumtsl . is which tbs aovereige power ta lodged in , tbs body of tba people. A trust antbcially created, net for iu owo oaks, bnt solely aa s means or promoting tba general wel- . rare ; its intoeaee for good muel arcests- . rlty depend apon tba slavatad character . aad tips allegiance or Us alealor. It ongbt, therefore, to ba reposed io none I axoapt \bane Wbo era fitwd morally and , mentally ta administer it well | far if sen . farred upja persons who do not justly estimate iu salsa aad who are indifferent " sa to iU results, it will ooly tors# os a , meooa af pisciag power io tho bands of . tbs a npr iaoigied aad ombitiooa, snd ma.t , svaotosla in lbs complete distraction of . that liberty of ekieb it shoold bo Ua moat , powerfsl ooaaartaUr. I boss therefore, heretofore urged epon^ j jroer sUaotioo Iba great "eager ta ba apprehended from. so n numbly extension of the elective franchise ta any close ia ear .' ! eoaotry, especially whea tba large majori- , . ty of that close la wiatdiag tbs power l placed ia thair hands, caoaot ba expwcKd , correctly to oomprabeed tha datisa sod ' ni| MiihUWss whiab partola toaaftagw. . Ysatavday, ao tt waaa, toar milUoaa al . naisaaa wpva bald ia a poodfttoa af afotory » tbat bad axiatsd foe gosMvaUaaa. Toriay

they are fret-dnei. and are assumed bj | ! Jo be eltlX'ns. It cannot be pr— | i snmed Irooi their previon. condition o< j i ment as the IDtelllgsat foreigner who la the caw of the letter, neither a re.i- : | dence of five yeer. and the knowledge cur ure\he only condttioni opoo which h. i in addition, a good moral charac- i tba belief tbat be will be failhlnl to tba- , i ot the Republic. Whore a people, th. : ' snares of all political power, speak by { i their suffrages through th« inslruraentali i - ty of tbe ballot box, it must be carefully I i guarded against tbe control of those who are corrupt in principle and enemies cr] i to onr political and social eysiem a .ale . - eojidocior of healthy |iopnln*.,sostimeii! | . "ncTs. 't'onirclled through Ir.ud ami i | bauds' o™ the pi' ru't ic "snd worthy, on. | • foMows.^tberefora. that io admitting | to^lh- baM.A box^a nr^ ela-^of^v. ie.. j fl feiigtli and durability ^ ^ *, , ^ I oar policy a. a nation But there is :> ' j limit, wisely no.erted hitherto, which makes the b.llol a privilege ^ snd a tra«L i I suitable lor probation aud preparation.— I To give it indiscriminately to a new class, j wholly unprepared by previous habits an-l ; opportunities to perlorlb the .trust which > ■t demands, is to degrade it and finally : ] destroy ^tK power. rosy b. ssfely j established than that .rfch indi.criminet-i ana sll-embraciug extension of populsi I .uffruge must end at last in its overthrow ! and desttuciiou. ^ Hoo to aM tr.«i« j—t l.gbi. .. II..-JM, fbke to tbe^menToft of l-Jfu-bfr". h* rights ot our chilureo. The plau o. poit-sg i he soul hern Sta'- • i "sllym" lb'.",.f^s"'of uegT-rff. pra- - j [Kj.ed at a nine peculiarly unpropilio-.. . : | The loandations of society have been tiro. ' i ken np by civil war. Industry me. I b- : | re-org.nized. justice re established, pub- j tic crsdit maintained, aud order brought | I out of coofusibn. To accomplish these | ends would require all the wisdom and i institutions urigioally. I confidently b« j I lieve that their dersrndaul will be equul | gruee wit) perlorm it for as ; certainly wv j despair of our owo competency. ^ Tbe | Win prevent en amalgamation or (union . t J them together io one bomogeneoas idu.-, ! ! recognize no common interest, nail cren'-- ! such u tyranny as this continent has oevi r i ,'j influenced by promises of confiscation «r it I i.| plunder. They ore taught to regard . : t , : an enemy every white man who has wr y j [ j respect lor the rights ef his owo race, it i : Ibis continues it must become woi.se ai it : - I woiso until oil order will be stbverled, sll . ; industry cesse, snd the fair fields of the i . j Houth grow op into a wilderness, i ' Uf all Iba dangers which our nation ha. - . - which must result from the success of the i effort sow rnaklag to Africanixs ths bull of onr conntry. i 1 would uoi piit consideration* of money i In competitieo with jastice sad rigfo, but - the expensed incident te reconstruction under tbs system adopted by Congress i aggravate wheiTTegsrd as tbe ietriosic i wrong af tbe measure itself. It bee cast I uncoenled millioas already, eed. if peri sisted in, will odd Isrgrly to ihe weight of taxation, already loo oppressive to InI borne witboal just complaint, eud may i Gnelty reduce tbu treasury of ihe nation l to a condition of bankruptcy. We mod t not delude ourselves. It will reqnire s i strong slaoding army snd prubshly^mnrr i than two honored millions of dollars ($200,000,000} per snnom to maintain the i supremacy ol negro governments nflei . tbey art established. The ram thus thrown i swey would, if properly used, foim ssinking fond Urge enough to pay tbe whole r national debt io less than hftren years, i It ia veto to hope hat negrosa sill msni-' l lain their esoendsocy themselves. Hub. i oat military power they ere wholly iof cepsble of balding in subjection the shit* t people of tbe Bomb. 1 eebmit to the . judgment of Congress whether tbe poblic . credit may not he injuriously effected by r a system of measures like this. W lib oui t debt and tbe vast private interests which , are complicated with it, we cannot be too 1 cautious or a policy wbiob might by pov sibtlity impair the confideoseof tbs world In oor xoverBBMot. That confidence can l only Be regained by csrafnlly Inculcating s tbe principles of Justice and honor en the f popular mind, aad by tbe noil scropelons t fidelity to ell onr engagements ef every | sort. Any serious breach of the organic t lew, persisted la far a considerate time, cannot bnt create fears for the stability B of oar tOBlilatioan. Habitual violation ? or prescribed rales, which ae bind oar,f selves to observe, most demoralise thr r people. Our ooly staodard or civil dety i. being eel at naught, the sb-el anchor ol r oar political morality is lost, lbs public d conscience swings (rem its moorings boo i] yields to every impulse, of passion mod I. interest. If we repatliste tbu Constitu. if lioa, we will not be exoeeted to care much j far mem pecuniary obligations. Tba vio. y WHeb ef each B pledge es wv made OB Ihe

j S'id day of July. I8CI, will uraaredly di- j ■ j minlsh the market rslue ef our other pro- ! i ! misee. Betides, if we now acknowledge i that the national debt was created, not to [ I I bold the Htule. jn the UnffinTW the tax- ! i i payers were led ta rappose. het\ to expel ! I . them from it snd hand them over to be ' I ^"iVms ° seem much'l'e*.. "V si ""YV- ' I it may seem so : fur I do not admit thai ' i • on rams'eVeMss^f'mmdr ' finsccml 'honor oVe greet commer- j \ \ Republican form of goverumeot, aduiiao | . tered by sgeolt of the popular cheice.^i. j I such uatpeaxable calamity, tbat every i '• ever might expose it to the slightest dan- . - «er. The great interest, of the country I , . require immediate relief Iroui these vo- , | ) sctraeots. Itusincs :n th. South is | I slvz-d bv s sense ol genera! insecaiitt. I ! by a terror of coufiscatiun nod the drew",! ; I of. -gro .uprroiocy. The .Southern trade, ! , reviv.'d Dblil II crssrs'tu O. lellered by • ! arbitrary power which makes ull its opera, i ■ ions oii-ale. That rich country, the rich- | I ; etiration. tnslssd of PeiiigV as it ougbrji i late manifestations of public opiniov' upo i , i the popular w.il always solurces obedience , to itself, sooner or later. It is ..in io , , - tbink of opposing it with anything short r ol legal aothorily hacked h, overwhelm- , ^ttsato IstTsm JSilTT -t" ' to 'gorer'o "tl^e 'doura''^ ' ihe establishment of negro supiemacj. i every expression ol the general sentiment has been more or 1-ss adverse to It. The , aflectioBS of ims generation ran..... b, d. - ; eOii^inportsoi quest ,o.. „0 wb.cb I - | uj'r'yTniXd*1 m"r\herj'yi llctra.'"^ TL woula be likely to produce violent j 1 TMn VooTdterim ' 'ly 'ciri* ""'"f*"01' , | war must be resorted to only as the Is-t I i remedy forth, worst of eviltt. Whatever ' I carefully avoided. A laitbfol sod con- ! - scienliouv rnagfStratn will concede vaiy much lii honest error, snd something ev, n ! in perverse ...aftce, before he will endan. . t ger the public peace, and ho will not udopl forcible measures, or such as might . lead to force, so long as those which iiie - i mi, aliments. It. iv true thai esses may . { compelled to stand >.a its rights sad msliiI tain tliew regardless of all consequence;. : If Congraes should pa»s an act wt.icb it i j not only in' ptlpabie cosfiict with the I ) Constitutton, but v-ill certainly, il carried • out, produce immediate and irreparable I eraUmeu° "]r,"',ur*h''r j j s remedy fer the Wrongs it inHicis, aof | , power in the people to protect themMdv. * : I wnhont tbf official aid of their elected < defender'; if, for instance, Ihe legislative j ,■ department should pass sn act, even i through sll the farms of law, to abolish » j co-trdinste department of the govern- , ment ; io such u esse the l'remdeot must - take tbe high responsibilities ol bis office t sod save tbo life of ths nation. At all . hazards lbs so-called reconstruction sets, t thosgb ua plainly unconstitutional as any . that csu ba imagined, ware not believed I to ba witbio lb. class last mentioned.— . The people were not wholly disarmed of I tbu power of self-defence. In si| the , Northern tfistaa tbey still held in their , huods the sacred right of the ballet, and > it sir safe to believe that in due time . tbey would come to the re sea's of their i own institutions. It gives me pleasure' i to add that tbe appeal to oar common . cuDsltlaeots vers oot taken is vain. so-. .. that my confidence iu their wisdom snd virtus seems not to have been misplaced It is writ and publicly known ibvtvnot. . OIOHS frauds hate been perpetrated on th- . Trea-ory, and that colossal fortunes have - been made at tbe public expense. This , specie- of corruption has increased— is in- . crossing, sod if not diiniaisbsd will soon r brlsg us into total rain and disgrace, r The public creditors and tbe tax-payers a are alike interested iu so honest adrntais , I ration ef the fiusuces, and neither class sill long solium the large bonded robberd tss of the recent past. For this discradii B able slalS #r tsmgi th.r. ar. s«reral I causos— soma of tha uxaa ore to laid as e is present an irrasislabla temptation to . tirade payment; tbe great soma which y officers may wis by conoiesoea si fraad r create a presents which it mars tbaa the i, virtas of many esu withstood, sad there y csu ba ua doabt tbat tba opea. disregar.i i of consiitnioDsl obligations svawsd b. . soqte of tbs blgbssl and most isfiaestisl r men io tbs country hss gras'ly weskeoad t iba moral aessa of thass who sarve is It .abordinata plaoes. The expanses of the c United .Sistea. iuclodtng iatareat ob - the u puhMc debt, urn mora than six timet ad mach os tbey were asm year- ago. To |. collect sod disburse this vast amoont reh qolras cor-ful siperriston aa wall as »y»I. lematio rtligmnce. Too system. asv«r * per tec tad, was mach dUorgaalxad by ths

J -'Tenure of Office bill," which has almost destroyed official sccouolsbiiity. Tha I "resident may be thoroughly coarioced ihet an officer is iscspahle, disbouatl, or onfsithfol to ths Constitution ; but, usdar I the law which I have named, tbe almost ; can do. is to complain to Iba Saaata snd ask tbo privllog# of tupplyiag bit place with s better man. If ths Beusts no regarded as personally or politically | hostile io the President, it it natural sod i not altogether unreasonable for lbs officer possible, restore him te hit 1>lace, and j gure li ra a triumph over bit executive superior. Tbe officer has other cbsactt I of jmpusity, arising Iron accidental dej feels of erideuce. tba mode of iavaatigat- ; ing It, snd the secrecy of tbe bearing. It | IS not wonderful that official malfessar.es ! should become bold in proportion as ths I delinquents learn to thiak themselves safe. /' j 1 am entirely persuaded tbst under such / u rule the 1'iesidenl caooot perform lbs i great daty ..signed to him of seeing the \ I faithfully enforced, and that it dita- r \ ! files him most especially rrom suforcisg f ) that rigid accountability which is nscet- ^ j rsry to ihe due execution of the revenue j law. The Constitution inre.lt the Pre.ident with autfiority to decido whether a ! removal suould he made in aoj case. The ' set of Congress declares in subttaae# that i "" ,l"'11 •t#furcnse such tt he supposes to be unwoitby of their trust. Tbs Con. dilution oiakss him tola judge in the premises. Uot the slmtotu takes away bis jurisdiction, transfers it to ths Stoats, i olid leaves him nothing but tha adisvs, | soil sometimes impracticable, daty of he- | io he conducted before a tribunal whoas members are uot like him responsible ta the whole people, but to separata cba'ccusVi '""•Th* ""^t d n° Th*rsh'" sie is shsololely without any knowh atundsrd of decision applicatila to soch a case. '/» judgment ceonot be untiei|fotad, for it is sot gov rued by any rule. The law does not define what shall be deemsd gosd cause for removal. It it impossible even conjecture what may or may not be to considered by Ifav Senate. The nature of Ihe subject forbids clssr proof. If tbe charge be incapacity what evidence will -opportit? Fidelity to the C'onalitntioo may ba understood ur misunderstood in B ti.ousand different ways, sod by violent party men in violent pan; timet, tafaitb. I" be considered m-ritoriout. ' If ths'offi! .--t he accused of dish -nesly. how shall II "e mode oui ? Will it bi inferred from oris uoronorclad with poblic dotj. from Pi. «ai. history, or from general repsuI. oof or ma.i in- President Mil (be ..nice! a. all I.e. >0 ihe meantime, risk t'.a character and interest of -be oatlon ia . csofi-irnre ; \|„, h, i,,,^,, |,u c* m. i-laie* uliii - he mischief is done and caa> ■oil be prev. tiled I If his zaal in tha public service should impel him to anticipate ihe overt act. must be move st tba peril . ol being died himself for Ihe offence of slandering Ins subordinate ? fiie for official delinquency of every kind. II is extremely ^difficult to say where that | out leri where it has been placed by tbn j Bat ull just mea will admit that tba ! President ought to be entirely relieved liom such responsibility if be cannot mast I it by reason of restrictions placed by law . upon his action. The unrestricted power °' j*™ °®e* '• • ,*'rJr K'«t one by ths general suffrage of tbs whole people snd accountable directly to tbem for bis acts. It is undoubtedly liable to abuse, sod al some periods of our history perilous has been abused. If it be thought drtireable and eonsliintrvnul that It uhould be ao limited a* to make tbe Prerident merely a common informer against other public agtnts, he should at least be permitted to act in that capacity before son, a open tribunal independent of party politics, raady to ioves- ! ugale tbe merits of every case, famished j with the means of Inking evidence, and I bound to decide eccordlog to established | rules. This would guarantee the safety ol the ercusor when he acta ia good faith, ! end al ll.e same time secure the righU of ! the other party. !m Vo "u/utr"! "i'li ' or. s *4 ' ^ JTwl^sreglies msrsljr^ra . tiaet tor the public '""'l'' J bp} 'arr*Uy"y " rc ai-POBtlug |Kiw#t, which rep res. els tbosollscllvc iii«jc,!)- »nd speak- the will .if the people. The limed rclcol on Iu oOtrw of a stagle dUhon. [ laterals" Tlli *' aagfrTo tea puhtla* swn-lra cootea.net from the power to muurc, but (ram thvpower to appotut. Thereiora it wsa that the tramrrs of the lonsntutiou left the power of «- I Binil uurvstr.oird, whits tucjr g-ve the sonata a right to rcj-et a. I appointments which In Its ilea on this subject wilt probably satisfy all . a he hare Ihe good of -a. aoentrr at heart, fhat uur brat courae Is to teke Ihe CoaesttuUaa for i our- guide, watk In tbe path marked out by tha , louu. era of t he republic, and ebay the rule# made i s ue. lira picaent condition of our Bafoeee aad eonolderatlou U tnrltrd. The gra^orjou whlen - whole relue of the annuel produce circulated . by ue meana te a rjuesl.oo upon wkkeh pollUcol • l ' . 't'ra bj ^t-'aTicn 'buT'muet 'im'Teft luThe urr.ocabie leas which every where isolate cm merer aud trada. Tha clrcutating medium , it le'ugraauil damaad. "ThaTaw of Sam and , ,nd supply l- aa unerring aa thai which legul.tre l.ie tides . f tha oee.n, and Indeed euir-aey, Uke t-.e i Ides, haa its ebbs aad Bows throughout tha , oil. menial world. At tha haglaaiagsf the rebellion the bank- nolo circulation ojthr eouattv amounted ro not much mora thorn two hand red millions of dollars, how the ol mulattos of aw | traual bank lUtasawS Ihaqq tnawBae legal Star deralsneort) tare, hundred millsooa. tthti.it ' le urged by eoara that tale amount starts he tw 1 eraaeed, others coot- ad that a decided rod Sottas ,, I. .u.olutn, eaeeatlal ta the boot Utwidsef " ibe country In vtsw of ' ha on d.eoraa apt » Use : lis'-Jsa.'ssa.'Tsf.'ssa.-s " Sgobwkww^mais^h M^fircr^Thep^ i t.s>a half the Tssowul af the loiter, ahwwtag il ih-t Whan our paper catreacy to eampasad with J cold and el rer Iu coauaerclai value n eomirassad lata "hrce hundred and Bfty mlDtoaa— 1 Tula airtsli.g fact mahsa It I ha ohefoua duty of - ihe l.oicr.mrafi aa^pirly aa wsj W^caaawteat u ooaccrt°tham*TnthowT' M hw'sTp-ote ar Its ; s&£3 . eo*rjm» a» rnqoi rrifi